Artificial intelligence is pushing computing beyond the practical limits of electricity alone. As communication becomes the defining challenge of modern compute, integrated photonics may reshape the architecture of computing itself—using light to move information faster, more efficiently and with less energy.
Artificial intelligence is no longer scaling like software. As compute demand explodes, the real bottleneck is shifting toward electricity, grids, and physical infrastructure. The AI economy is becoming increasingly industrial — governed not only by algorithms, but by energy availability itself.
The semiconductor industry is not a competitive landscape but a hierarchy of control. From design to fabrication to acceleration, value concentrates in the layers that define, constrain and allocate compute across the global economy.
Semiconductors are no longer inputs within the global economy — they are its defining constraint. As compute becomes the limiting factor, growth, power and innovation are increasingly determined by access to chips and the systems that produce them.
